Microneedle and Their Current Progress in Vaccine and Protein Delivery: A Review

Abstract

Microneedles (MNs) allow drugs to directly enter the systemic circulation, which allows better bioavailability, rapid absorption and efficacy over the conventional dosage forms. However, this passage of drugs through the transdermal route is restrict due to the presence of the stratum corneum, the upper skin of the human body. Microneedle is known for delivering a wide of drugs such as molecules over around 500 Da with high lipophilicity as the conventional dosage forms like gels and patches cannot easily cross the stratum corneum. This limitation of traditional transdermal drug delivery is addressed by microneedles. Moreover, microneedles should be selected instead of traditional injections due to their lower skin irritation, less site of pain and less discomfort. This review aims to address the concerns that arise when the study of microneedles. Explore the microneedles usage in different classifications of authorized microneedles, materials use and current trend aspects of microneedles and advance study on recent medication delivery using microneedles and in vaccine delivery. The study will attract readers from the field of pharmaceutical industries, academicians and material scientists.